Update MEMORY.md, MEMORY.md, bachelor-thesis-summary.md, and 76 more files
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#include <BLEDevice.h>
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#include <BLEServer.h>
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#include <BLEUtils.h>
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#include <BLE2902.h>
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#include <BLEBeacon.h>
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#define DEVICE_NAME "ESP32 iBeacon"
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#define SERVICE_UUID "87b99b2c-9080-4d04-8f00-a5d9a3f9a0e7"
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#define BEACON_UUID "87b99b2c-9080-4d04-8f00-a5d9a3f9a0e7"
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#define BEACON_UUID_REV "e7a0f9a3-d9a5-008f-044d8090-2c9bb987"
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#define CHARACTERISTIC_UUID "87b99b2c-9080-4d04-8f00-a5d9a3f9a0e7"
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BLEServer *pServer;
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BLECharacteristic *pCharacteristic;
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bool deviceConnected = false;
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uint8_t value = 0;
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class MyServerCallbacks: public BLEServerCallbacks {
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void onConnect(BLEServer* pServer) {
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deviceConnected = true;
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Serial.println("deviceConnected = true");
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};
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void onDisconnect(BLEServer* pServer) {
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deviceConnected = false;
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Serial.println("deviceConnected = false");
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// Restart advertising to be visible and connectable again
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BLEAdvertising* pAdvertising;
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pAdvertising = pServer->getAdvertising();
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pAdvertising->start();
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Serial.println("iBeacon advertising restarted");
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}
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};
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class MyCallbacks: public BLECharacteristicCallbacks {
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void onWrite(BLECharacteristic *pCharacteristic) {
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std::string rxValue = pCharacteristic->getValue();
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if (rxValue.length() > 0) {
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Serial.println("*********");
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Serial.print("Received Value: ");
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for (int i = 0; i < rxValue.length(); i++) {
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Serial.print(rxValue[i]);
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}
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Serial.println();
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Serial.println("*********");
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}
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}
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};
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void init_service() {
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BLEAdvertising* pAdvertising;
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pAdvertising = pServer->getAdvertising();
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pAdvertising->stop();
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// Create the BLE Service
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BLEService *pService = pServer->createService(BLEUUID(SERVICE_UUID));
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// Create a BLE Characteristic
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pCharacteristic = pService->createCharacteristic(
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CHARACTERISTIC_UUID,
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BLECharacteristic::PROPERTY_READ |
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BLECharacteristic::PROPERTY_WRITE |
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BLECharacteristic::PROPERTY_NOTIFY
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);
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pCharacteristic->setCallbacks(new MyCallbacks());
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pCharacteristic->addDescriptor(new BLE2902());
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pAdvertising->addServiceUUID(BLEUUID(SERVICE_UUID));
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// Start the service
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pService->start();
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pAdvertising->start();
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}
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void init_beacon() {
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BLEAdvertising* pAdvertising;
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pAdvertising = pServer->getAdvertising();
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pAdvertising->stop();
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// iBeacon
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BLEBeacon myBeacon;
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myBeacon.setManufacturerId(0x004C);
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myBeacon.setMajor(1);
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myBeacon.setMinor(3); // ESP32-ID: 1 to n
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myBeacon.setSignalPower(0xc5);
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myBeacon.setProximityUUID(BLEUUID(BEACON_UUID_REV));
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BLEAdvertisementData advertisementData;
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advertisementData.setFlags(0x1A);
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advertisementData.setManufacturerData(myBeacon.getData());
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pAdvertising->setAdvertisementData(advertisementData);
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pAdvertising->start();
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}
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void setup() {
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Serial.begin(115200);
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Serial.println();
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Serial.println("Initializing...");
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Serial.flush();
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BLEDevice::init(DEVICE_NAME);
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pServer = BLEDevice::createServer();
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pServer->setCallbacks(new MyServerCallbacks());
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init_service();
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init_beacon();
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Serial.println("iBeacon + service defined and advertising!");
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}
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void loop() {
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if (deviceConnected) {
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Serial.printf("*** NOTIFY: %d ***n", value);
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pCharacteristic->setValue(&value, 1);
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pCharacteristic->notify();
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value++;
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}
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delay(2000);
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}
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@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
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/*
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* ESP32 iBeacon v2 - Optimiert für Indoor-Positionierung
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*
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* Dieser Sketch konfiguriert einen ESP32 als reinen iBeacon-Sender
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* ohne Service-Funktionalität (kein GATT, keine Verbindungen).
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*
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* Optimierungen gegenüber v1:
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* - Service-Teil entfernt (nur Advertising, keine Verbindungen)
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* - Festes 100ms Advertising-Intervall für stabile RSSI-Werte
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* - TX-Power explizit auf Maximum (+9 dBm) fixiert
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* - Kalibrierte Signal-Power (-65 dBm @ 1m)
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* - Korrekte Advertising-Flags (0x06)
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* - BLE-Sleep zwischen Advertising-Events für Akkubetrieb
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*
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* WICHTIG: Beim Flashen mehrerer ESP32s die BEACON_MINOR Konstante ändern!
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*
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* Basiert auf Analyse-Empfehlungen aus ESP32-Code-Analyse.md
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* (Gemini + Claude, 2026-02-09)
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*/
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#include <BLEDevice.h>
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#include <BLEUtils.h>
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#include <BLEBeacon.h>
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#include "esp_bt.h" // Für esp_bt_sleep_enable()
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#include "esp_mac.h" // Für esp_base_mac_addr_set() (ESP-IDF v4.0+)
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// =====================================================================
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// BEACON KONFIGURATION - VOR DEM FLASHEN ANPASSEN!
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// =====================================================================
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// WICHTIG: Für jeden ESP32-Beacon eine ANDERE Minor-ID vergeben (1, 2, 3, ...)
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#define BEACON_MINOR 1
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// =====================================================================
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// MAC-ADRESS-OVERRIDE (optional) - AKTIVIEREN FALLS ANDROID BLACKLISTING
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// =====================================================================
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// Wenn ein Android-Gerät diesen Beacon nicht findet (auch nicht mit nRF Connect),
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// obwohl andere Handys ihn sehen, könnte die MAC-Adresse geblockt sein.
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// Lösung: Auskommentieren + neue MAC setzen + neu flashen
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//
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// #define USE_CUSTOM_MAC
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uint8_t custom_mac[6] = {0x02, 0xAA, 0xBB, 0xCC, 0xDD, 0x08}; // Locally administered MAC (Byte 0=0x02), Byte 5=Minor ID
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// Gruppen-ID (für alle Beacons im selben System gleich)
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#define BEACON_MAJOR 1
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// =====================================================================
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// SYSTEM-KONSTANTEN (normalerweise nicht ändern)
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// =====================================================================
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#define DEVICE_NAME "ESP32 iBeacon"
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#define BEACON_UUID "87b99b2c-9080-4d04-8f00-a5d9a3f9a0e7"
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#define BEACON_UUID_REV "e7a0f9a3-d9a5-008f-044d8090-2c9bb987"
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// Advertising-Intervall: 0xA0 = 160 * 0.625ms = 100ms
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#define ADVERTISING_INTERVAL 0xA0
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// Kalibrierter RSSI-Wert bei 1m Abstand (als Signed Byte)
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// -65 dBm = 0xBF — muss mit RSSI_AT_ONE_METER in der Android-App übereinstimmen
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// TODO: Pro Beacon individuell kalibrieren (60s RSSI-Messung bei 1m Abstand)
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#define SIGNAL_POWER_1M 0xBF
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void setup() {
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Serial.begin(115200);
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delay(2000); // USB-CDC braucht Zeit zum Verbinden (ESP32-C3)
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Serial.println();
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Serial.println("=================================");
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Serial.println("ESP32 iBeacon v2 - Indoor-Positioning");
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Serial.println("=================================");
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Serial.flush();
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// Optional: Custom MAC setzen (MUSS vor BLEDevice::init() passieren!)
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#ifdef USE_CUSTOM_MAC
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esp_base_mac_addr_set(custom_mac);
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Serial.print("Custom MAC gesetzt: ");
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for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
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Serial.printf("%02X", custom_mac[i]);
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if (i < 5) Serial.print(":");
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}
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Serial.println();
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#endif
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// BLE-Stack initialisieren
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BLEDevice::init(DEVICE_NAME);
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// BLE-MAC-Adresse ausgeben (zur Diagnose von Blacklisting-Problemen)
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uint8_t ble_mac[6];
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esp_read_mac(ble_mac, ESP_MAC_BT);
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Serial.printf("BLE MAC: %02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X\n",
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ble_mac[0], ble_mac[1], ble_mac[2],
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ble_mac[3], ble_mac[4], ble_mac[5]);
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//Serial.flush();
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// TX-Power auf Maximum setzen für beste Reichweite und konsistente RSSI-Werte
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// Wichtig: Muss VOR dem Advertising-Start gesetzt werden
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// TX-Power explizit für Advertising setzen (BLEDevice::setPower setzt nur DEFAULT, nicht ADV)
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esp_ble_tx_power_set(ESP_BLE_PWR_TYPE_ADV, ESP_PWR_LVL_P9); // +9 dBm für Advertising
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esp_ble_tx_power_set(ESP_BLE_PWR_TYPE_DEFAULT, ESP_PWR_LVL_P9); // +9 dBm als Default
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Serial.println("TX-Power: +9 dBm (Maximum für ESP32-C3)");
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// iBeacon-Paket zusammenbauen
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BLEBeacon myBeacon;
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myBeacon.setManufacturerId(0x004C); // Apple Company ID (Little-Endian)
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myBeacon.setMajor(BEACON_MAJOR);
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myBeacon.setMinor(BEACON_MINOR);
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myBeacon.setSignalPower(SIGNAL_POWER_1M); // Kalibrierter RSSI bei 1m
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myBeacon.setProximityUUID(BLEUUID(BEACON_UUID_REV));
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// Advertising-Daten konfigurieren
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BLEAdvertisementData advertisementData;
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advertisementData.setFlags(0x06); // LE General Discoverable + BR/EDR Not Supported
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advertisementData.setManufacturerData(myBeacon.getData());
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// Advertising-Parameter setzen
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BLEAdvertising* pAdvertising = BLEDevice::getAdvertising();
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pAdvertising->setScanResponse(false);
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pAdvertising->setAdvertisementData(advertisementData);
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pAdvertising->setMinInterval(ADVERTISING_INTERVAL); // 100ms
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pAdvertising->setMaxInterval(ADVERTISING_INTERVAL); // Min = Max = konstantes Intervall
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// BLE-Sleep aktivieren: ESP32 geht automatisch in Light-Sleep zwischen
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// den Advertising-Events → spart Strom im Akkubetrieb
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esp_bt_sleep_enable();
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// Advertising starten
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pAdvertising->start();
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// Status ausgeben
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Serial.println();
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Serial.println("iBeacon aktiv!");
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Serial.println("----------------------------");
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Serial.printf("UUID: %s\n", BEACON_UUID);
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Serial.printf("Major: %d\n", BEACON_MAJOR);
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Serial.printf("Minor: %d\n", BEACON_MINOR);
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Serial.printf("Signal: %d dBm @ 1m\n", (int8_t)SIGNAL_POWER_1M);
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Serial.printf("Intervall: 100ms\n");
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Serial.printf("TX-Power: +9 dBm\n");
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Serial.println("----------------------------");
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}
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void loop() {
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// Keine Aktion nötig - ESP32 advertised kontinuierlich.
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// Zwischen Advertising-Events befindet sich der BLE-Stack im Light-Sleep.
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delay(10000);
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}
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