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node_modules
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Copyright (c) 2013, Michael Williamson
All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND
ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR
ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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# options for node.js
An implementation of the option type, sometimes known as the maybe type.
An instance of an option type is an optional value. Either it's `none`, or an
instance of `Some`:
```javascript
var option = require("option");
var some = option.some("Bob");
var none = option.none;
```
A function that returns an optional string isn't that different from a function
that returns a string or `null`. The advantage over null is that options
provide a number of functions that help with manipulating optional values.
```javascript
function greet(user) {
return "Hello " + user.name().valueOrElse("Anonymous");
}
```
## Methods
### isNone() and isSome()
* `some(value).isNone()` returns `false`
* `some(value).isSome()` returns `true`
* `none.isNone()` returns `true`
* `none.isSome()` returns `false`
### value()
* `some(value).value()` returns `value`
* `none.value()` throws an error
### map(*func*)
* `some(value).map(func)` returns `some(func(value))`
* `none.map(func)` returns `none`
### flatMap(*func*)
Conventionally used when `func` returns another option.
* `some(value).flatMap(func)` returns `func(value)`
* `none.flatMap(func)` returns `none`
### filter(*predicate*)
* `some(value).filter(predicate)` returns:
* `some(value)` if `predicate(value) === true`
* `none` if `predicate(value) === false`
* `none.filter(predicate)` returns `none`
### toArray()
* `some(value).toArray()` returns `[some]`
* `none.toArray()` returns `[]`
### orElse(*other*)
If `other` is a function (`other` conventionally returning another option):
* `some(value).orElse(other)` returns `some(value)`
* `none.orElse(other)` returns `other()`
If `other` is not a function (`other` conventionally being another option):
* `some(value).orElse(other)` returns `some(value)`
* `none.orElse(other)` returns `other`
### valueOrElse(*other*)
If `other` is a function:
* `some(value).valueOrElse(other)` returns `value`
* `none.valueOrElse(other)` returns `other()`
If `other` is not a function:
* `some(value).valueOrElse(other)` returns `value`
* `none.valueOrElse(other)` returns `other`
## Functions
### option.isOption(*value*)
* `option.isOption(value)` returns `true` if `value` is `option.none` or `option.some(x)`.
### option.fromNullable(*value*)
* If `value` is `null` or `undefined`, `option.fromNullable(value)` returns `option.none`.
* Otherwise, returns `option.some(value)`.
For instance, `option.fromNullable(5)` returns `option.some(5)`.
## Installation
npm install option
Generated Vendored Executable
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exports.none = Object.create({
value: function() {
throw new Error('Called value on none');
},
isNone: function() {
return true;
},
isSome: function() {
return false;
},
map: function() {
return exports.none;
},
flatMap: function() {
return exports.none;
},
filter: function() {
return exports.none;
},
toArray: function() {
return [];
},
orElse: callOrReturn,
valueOrElse: callOrReturn
});
function callOrReturn(value) {
if (typeof(value) == "function") {
return value();
} else {
return value;
}
}
exports.some = function(value) {
return new Some(value);
};
var Some = function(value) {
this._value = value;
};
Some.prototype.value = function() {
return this._value;
};
Some.prototype.isNone = function() {
return false;
};
Some.prototype.isSome = function() {
return true;
};
Some.prototype.map = function(func) {
return new Some(func(this._value));
};
Some.prototype.flatMap = function(func) {
return func(this._value);
};
Some.prototype.filter = function(predicate) {
return predicate(this._value) ? this : exports.none;
};
Some.prototype.toArray = function() {
return [this._value];
};
Some.prototype.orElse = function(value) {
return this;
};
Some.prototype.valueOrElse = function(value) {
return this._value;
};
exports.isOption = function(value) {
return value === exports.none || value instanceof Some;
};
exports.fromNullable = function(value) {
if (value == null) {
return exports.none;
}
return new Some(value);
}
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{
"name": "option",
"version": "0.2.4",
"author": "Michael Williamson <mike@zwobble.org>",
"description": "The option type, also known as the maybe type, for JavaScript",
"license": "BSD-2-Clause",
"scripts": {
"test": "nodeunit test"
},
"repository": {
"type": "git",
"url": "https://github.com/mwilliamson/node-options.git"
},
"dependencies": {
},
"devDependencies": {
"nodeunit": "latest"
},
"keywords": [
"option",
"maybe"
]
}
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var options = require("..");
exports.noneIsAnOption = function(test) {
test.equal(true, options.isOption(options.none));
test.done();
};
exports.someIsAnOption = function(test) {
test.equal(true, options.isOption(options.some(4)));
test.done();
};
exports.nullIsNotAnOption = function(test) {
test.equal(false, options.isOption(null));
test.done();
};
exports.stringIsNotAnOption = function(test) {
test.equal(false, options.isOption("surrender"));
test.done();
};
exports["none.isNone() returns true"] = function(test) {
test.equal(true, options.none.isNone());
test.done();
};
exports["none.isSome() returns false"] = function(test) {
test.equal(false, options.none.isSome());
test.done();
};
exports["some(_).isNone() returns false"] = function(test) {
test.equal(false, options.some(1).isNone());
test.done();
};
exports["some(_).isSome() returns true"] = function(test) {
test.equal(true, options.some(1).isSome());
test.done();
};
exports.fromNullableConvertsNullToNone = function(test) {
test.deepEqual(options.none, options.fromNullable(null));
test.done();
};
exports.fromNullableConvertsUndefinedToNone = function(test) {
test.deepEqual(options.none, options.fromNullable(undefined));
test.done();
};
exports.fromNullableConvertsNumberToSome = function(test) {
test.deepEqual(options.some(5), options.fromNullable(5));
test.done();
};
exports.mappingOverNoneHasNoEffect = function(test) {
test.equal(options.none, options.none.map(function() { return true }));
test.done();
};
exports.mappingOverSomeAppliesFunctionToValue = function(test) {
test.deepEqual(options.some(4), options.some(2).map(function(value) {
return value * value;
}));
test.done();
};
exports["none.flatMap(_) returns none"] = function(test) {
test.deepEqual(options.none, options.none.flatMap(function(value) {
return options.some("apple");
}));
test.done();
};
exports["when func(value) is none, then some(value).flatMap(func) returns none"] = function(test) {
test.deepEqual(options.none, options.some(2).flatMap(function(value) {
return options.none;
}));
test.done();
};
exports["when func(value) is some(result), then some(value).flatMap(func) returns some(result)"] = function(test) {
test.deepEqual(options.some(4), options.some(2).flatMap(function(value) {
return options.some(value * value);
}));
test.done();
};
exports.noneToArrayIsEmptyArray = function(test) {
test.deepEqual([], options.none.toArray());
test.done();
};
exports.someToArrayIsSingleElementArray = function(test) {
test.deepEqual(["apple"], options.some("apple").toArray());
test.done();
};
exports.noneValueOrElseCallsPassedValueIfItsAFunction = function(test) {
test.deepEqual(4, options.none.valueOrElse(function() { return 4; }));
test.done();
};
exports.noneValueOrElseReturnsArgumentIfItsNotAFunction = function(test) {
test.deepEqual(4, options.none.valueOrElse(4));
test.done();
};
exports.someValueOrElseReturnsWrappedValue = function(test) {
test.deepEqual(1, options.some(1).valueOrElse(function() { return 4; }));
test.done();
};
exports.noneOrElseReturnsArgumentIfItsNotAFunction = function(test) {
test.deepEqual(options.some(4), options.none.orElse(options.some(4)));
test.done();
};
exports.noneOrElseCallsArgumentIfItsAFunction = function(test) {
test.deepEqual(options.some(4), options.none.orElse(function() { return options.some(4); }));
test.done();
};
exports.someOrElseReturnsTheCurrentOption = function(test) {
test.deepEqual(options.some(1), options.some(1).orElse(4));
test.done();
};
exports.callingValueOnNoneRaisesError = function(test) {
test.throws(function(){
options.none.value();
}, /Called value on none/);
test.done();
};
exports.callingValueOnSomeReturnsValue = function(test) {
test.deepEqual(4, options.some(4).value());
test.done();
};
exports["none.filter returns none"] = function(test) {
function equals3(x) {
return x === 3;
}
test.deepEqual(options.none.filter(equals3), options.none);
test.done();
};
exports["when predicate(value) is true, some(value).filter(predicate) returns some(value)"] = function(test) {
var some3 = options.some(3);
function equals3(x) {
return x === 3;
}
test.deepEqual(some3.filter(equals3), some3);
test.done();
};
exports["when predicate(value) is false, some(value).filter(predicate) returns none"] = function(test) {
var some11 = options.some(11);
function equals3(x) {
return x === 3;
}
test.deepEqual(some11.filter(equals3), options.none);
test.done();
};